PARD3 and intestinal obstruction: Although the depletion of PAR-3, PAR-6 or PKC-3 from the embryonic intestine resulted in similar L1 larval phenotypes, including intestinal obstruction, the absence of a continuous lumen, edema formation and 100% larval arrest (this study; Sallee et al., 2021), we found that these terminal phenotypes arise for distinct reasons.