TGFB1 and pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Furthermore, it is worth noting that stromal factors such as TGF-β and FAP, which are commonly characterized by altered expression in PAAD, were found to be associated with resistance to neoadjuvant atezolizumab therapy (targeting PD-1, PD-L1) in operable urothelial carcinoma in the ABACUS trial (NCT02662309) (57).