As ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death process driven by the accumulation of lipid ROS, and is also a critical regulator of tumor growth 29, 30, we first tested the intratumoral ROS levels and found that both P-EVs treatment and ITGB3 overexpression reduced the ROS levels in NPC cells (Figure 3A). Here, ITGB3 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.