It is known from cancer cells expressing PD-L1 that the intrinsic pathway interferes with IFNγ cytotoxicity by inhibiting the downstream JAK/STAT3/caspase7-dependent pathway, thereby protecting against IFNγ-induced apoptosis (Azuma et al., 2008; Gato-Cañas et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and cancer.