Moreover, NOD2 exerted an antitumor effect via stimulating the adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway by interacting with the AMPK-LKB1 complex, resulting in autophagy-mediated HCC cell apoptosis and enhanced HCC cell sensitivity to sorafenib, lenvatinib, and 5-FU treatment [43, 44]. Here, NOD2 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.