To test whether heat-iMVA or live MVA infection of BMDCs enhances antigen cross-presentation and the proliferation of antigen-specific OT-I T cells, we incubated GM-CSF-cultured BMDCs with OVA at various concentrations in the presence or absence of heat-iMVA or live MVA for 3 h. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is mevalonic aciduria.