NOD1 and infection: For example, heat-iMVA infection triggered higher levels of IFN-inducible genes than MVA, including Ifih1 (MDA5), Ddx58 (RIG-1), Oasl2, Oas3, TLR3, Nod1, Ifna4, Ifnb1, Ccl5, Cxcl9, Cxcl10, and members of the guanylate binding protein (Gbp) family, as largely dependent on STING (Supplemental Fig. 2b, marked as b).