TSPY1 and cancer: It has also been found that TSPY1 is commonly ectopically expressed in different somatic cancers under pathological conditions, including HCC.3,4 Our previous research has discovered that TSPY1 is highly expressed in male HCC and TSPY1 was associated with the proliferation and invasion of the HCC cells.5 Despite this, it is unknown what the molecular mechanism of TSPY1 is in male HCC.