GEM and Patent ductus arteriosus: Importantly, and consistent with our hypothesis, the Gem+ICB+CCR2i combination therapy significantly increased the survival of KPC mice compared with Gem or Gem+ICB treatments (Figure 5B), while the addition of ICB did not improve outcomes from gemcitabine alone, consistent with other reports showing that without a stroma-targeting approach chemotherapy plus ICB is not impactful in PDA (12, 40).