An analysis [22] of 186 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors found that anemic patients had shorter median OS than non-anemic patients [24.83 (95% CI, 17.49–32.17) months vs. 42.10 (95% CI, 31.87–52.34) months, P = 0.031], and anemia [HR = 2.573 (95% CI, 1.12–5.90), P = 0.026] was the only independent factor predicting poor OS. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is anemia.