To assess if the discordance between actual DNA mutation status and the phenocopy signature predictions improves predictions of drug response, we chose to assess eight different pathways: four of which have clinically actionable mutations in various cancer types (BRAF8–10, BRCA13,34,35, EGFR5–7, and PIK3CA11) and four of which are targets of ongoing research, but do not yet have FDA-approved indications (MAPK36,37, ERBB238,39, mTOR40, and JAK41). The gene discussed is CLEC14A; the disease is cancer.