Our recent studies have demonstrated the crucial role of ROS-dependent NLRP3 inflammasomes in the regulation of functions of glomeruli or arterial endothelial cells (ECs) and the development of atherosclerosis during hyperlipidemia (3, 11) and the progression of glomerular sclerosis during hyperhomocysteinemia (12, 13, 14). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and hyperhomocysteinemia.