GLS and hepatocellular carcinoma: The results showed that in HCC patients, 9 of 13 genes positively associated with cuproptosis were expressed at lower levels, 3 of 13 cuproptosis positive genes (LIPT1, DLAT and ATP7A) and the 3 cuproptosis negative genes (GLS, MTF1 and CDKN2A) were upregulated, indicating that the level of cuproptosis was lower in HCC than in normal liver tissues (Figure 1A).