A study of exome sequencing of sporadic insulinomas found that 30% of the samples had functional mutations in the YY1 (YinYang 1, YY1) transcription factor gene T372R, which could increase the transcription activity of YY1 and induce the target genes expression such as mitochondrial genes IDH3A and UCP2 (35). The gene discussed is YY1; the disease is pancreatic insulinoma.