Nevertheless, blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis represents an attractive therapeutic strategy and several CXCR4 and CXCL12 inhibitors have been developed and used in preclinical and clinical models to induce the mobilization of the AML cells from the BM into the circulation with the aim of increasing their exposure to chemotherapeutic agents (95, 167). This evidence concerns the gene CXCR4 and acute myeloid leukemia.