Therefore, the reduction of GMCSF from CAR-T cells via antibody-mediated neutralization or GMCSF knockout significantly decreases the secretion of key CRS-associated cytokines from CAR-T cells without affecting their antitumor function, as shown in CD19-CAR-T cells in murine leukemia model (163) and CD22-CAR-T cells (162). Here, CD19 is linked to leukemia.