Sex-specific associations between lipid traits and dementia were also assessed using restricted cubic splines, indicating non-linearity in associations for all lipid traits; however, there was a clear separation in confidence intervals between women and men for higher values of HDL/ApoA displayed in the splines (Figure 3), with the association being J-shaped for men, but largely not associated with dementia risk, except at the lower end, for women. The gene discussed is APOA1; the disease is dementia.