Downregulation of both HSP27 and TGF-β1 synergistically decreased the expression of several tumor-related proteins, including Daxx, which is overexpressed in diverse cancers and is responsible for the repression of adenoviral replication (Figure 1C).37, 38, 39, 40 These synergistic activities were confirmed in clonogenic assays using various cancer cell types (Figure 2A), but differential clonogenic effects were observed across cancer cell types. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cancer.