MSN and squamous cell carcinoma: Wicki et al in his study on human squamous cell carcinoma and in animal model of insulinoma, showed that podoplanin is involved which is independent of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway.However, there is also evidence that podoplanin can promote single cell invasion in human oral squamous cell carcinoma through EMT pathway(11).Through EMT pathway, podoplanin induces phosphorylation of ERM (Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) proteins to activate RhoA stimulating actin polymerization leading to formation of filopodium, thereby enhancing cell migration and invasion(11).