EPO and acute kidney injury: Eight pharmacological interventions (ordered according to the P score: natriuretic peptide [OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19–0.47], nitroprusside [OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.12–0.68], fenoldopam [OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.17–0.76], tolvaptan [OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14–0.90], NAC with carvedilol [OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16–0.85], dexmedetomidine [OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.32–0.76], levosimendan [OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37–0.84], and EPO [OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.41–0.94]) and one non-pharmacological intervention (RIPC, OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63–0.92) were associated with a lower incidence of post–cardiac surgery AKI (Figure 1B).