NOX1 and myocardial infarction: Alarin also attenuates cardiac fibrosis, possibly by reversing the elevated NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) activity, superoxide anion, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as the reduced levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hearts of MI rats and Ang II-treated cardiac fibroblasts (65, 67).