2137G>A, p. V713I) and DND1 (c.212A>C, p. E71A), of which only DND1 is a highly testis-expressed gene (Supplementary Table S1) and its homozygous deficiency cause male infertility (Seelow et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2013; Li et al., 2018; Niimi et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene DND1 and male infertility.