TLR4 and viral infectious disease: Further research to identify specific domains of viral glycoproteins that interact with TLR4, as well as to determine how the viral glycoprotein-TLR4 interaction leads to uncontrolled inflammatory cytokine responses, as opposed to a controlled anti-viral response (Olejnik et al., 2018), will be instrumental in understanding viral disease pathogenesis and identifying targets for therapeutic intervention.