Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunoblot analyses revealed that glucose deprivation-induced mRNA (Fig. 1c) and protein (Fig. 1d) expression of the fructolytic genes including SLC2A5 and ALDOB, but not KHK and TKFC. Consistent results were obtained by treating GBM cells with 2-DG in a dose-dependent manner (Supplementary Fig. 1c, d). Here, ALDOB is linked to glioblastoma.