ATF4 and glioblastoma: To determine the role of ATF4-dependent fructolysis, we examined the proliferation and colony formation of GBM cells without or with ATF4 KO (Fig. 2c) or ATF4 binding deficiency in the promoters of SLC2A5 or ALDOB (Supplementary Fig. 3d) under high glucose (25 mM), normal glucose (6 mM) and glucose-deprived conditions supplemented without or with fructose.