The results showed that L. paracasei EVs significantly reduce the levels of LPS-induced inflammatory factors (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, and TNF-α), inflammation-related proteins (cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor kappa B) and nitric oxide (molecules strongly associated with IBD severity), and significantly improve the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and inflammatory bowel disease.