Similarly, heterozygous deletion of ZIC1 and ZIC4 is associated with Dandy-Walker malformation, a congenital cerebellar malformation47, whereas contiguous deletions at the 16q24.3 locus encompassing CENPW cause microcephaly, distichiasis, vesico-ureteral and intellectual impairment48. Here, ZIC4 is linked to microcephaly.