Seven common DEGs (PPARGC1A, FUBP1, ITGB8, SYCP2, RSAD2, FGF1, and FERMT1) were identified from the GSE164805 dataset of patients with mild COVID-19, and the GSE50395 dataset from APS patients (Fig. 6A). Here, PPARGC1A is linked to autoimmune polyendocrinopathy.