We found 25 cytokines (IGFBP-3, IGFBP-2, VEGF, PDGF-AA, IL-6, IL-31 etc.)that were selectively downregulated and 25 cytokines (RANTES, CD40L, TNFα, Cripto-1, etc.)that were selectively upregulated in CM from fibrocyte and A549 cell co-cultures in the presence of bosentan (Supplementary Fig. 13A), indicating a strong impact of endothelin and its receptors on various key factors of the lung cancer microenvironment. Here, TNF is linked to lung cancer.