In much the same way that NF-κB can have both tumour promoting or suppressing roles depending on the cellular context [1,30–33], DUBs such as USP7 can elicit its effects by removing ubiquitin moieties from both tumour suppressor proteins such p53 [34] and oncogenes such as c-Myc [35]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and neoplasm.