In conclusion, our findings show that probiotics or synbiotics intake may reduce cardiovascular disease risk in patients with prediabetes and T2DM, by decreasing CRP, TNF-α, and MDA and increasing TAC, GSH, and NO levels, but have no significant effects on IL-6, adiponectin, and leptin when compared with a control group. Here, ADIPOQ is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.