BACE1 and memory impairment: Andrographolide can treat glial cell-induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the prefrontal cortex, thereby alleviating working memory impairment by altering the expression of synaptic and memory impairment markers; andrographolide can also block LPS-induced amyloid production, beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme (BACE) generation and other neuroinflammatory responses that lead to cognitive dysfunction, and the reason for the inhibition of these memory impairment markers may be that it reduces the activity of NF-κB (Das et al., 2017).