It decreases the number of mononuclear cells and neutrophils in the BALF of mice, reduces IL-6 and IL-8 expression levels, and restores lung dysfunction and small airway remodelling in mice, possibly through IL-6/STAT3 signalling pathways for the treatment of COPD (Xia et al., 2019). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.