RAPGEF1 and osteoarthritis: Andrographolide can attenuate the inflammatory response in an osteoarthritis mouse model and chondrocyte model, and the mechanism may involve the inhibition of circular RNA (circRNA) Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (circ_Rapgef1)/microRNA-383-3p (miR-383-3p)/Nod-like receptor pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) signal transduction to inhibit osteoarthritis (Yan et al., 2022).