MEL from Apis florea (MEL-AF) similarly showed a proliferation inhibitory effect on A375 cells, where MEL-AF, upon binding to the cell membrane, caused an elevation of intracellular F-actin with a decrease in EGFR, ultimately resulting in apoptosis through the induced expression of Cyt C, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway (Sangboonruang et al., 2020). Here, CASP3 is linked to atrial fibrillation.