Besides, BV restored the levels of DA, norepinephrine and serotonin (5-HT), balanced glutamate/γ-aminobutyric acid levels, prevented DNA fragmentation, reduced TNF-α and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and increased the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) level in a reserpine-induced PD rat model (Ahmed-Farid et al., 2021). Here, TNF is linked to Parkinson disease.