In addition to the lingering course and the characteristics of the population at risk, IBM shares common pathological features with other neurodegenerative diseases, namely the accumulation of rimmed vacuoles and protein aggregates such as amyloid-β precursor protein and amyloid- β, as seen in Alzheimer's disease, and p62 and Tar-DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) as seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (29, 74–76). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is inclusion body myositis.