As for immunotherapy, modern immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1),programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) have renewed the promise of immunotherapy in the treatment of RCC and show potential for achieving durable remission. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.