INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: At the skeletal muscle level, grape polyphenols supplementation protected mitochondrial function, prevented oxidative stress, and tended to increase insulin sensitivity after fructose challenge Goh et al. showed that supplementation with 3 g resveratrol daily for 12 weeks regulates energy expenditure through increased skeletal muscle SIRT1 and AMPK protein expression in patients with T2D [195].