The anti-cancer effects of S. surattense on HCC were postulated to be associated with the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and metastasis via multiple signaling pathways, including the AKT1, EGFR signaling pathway, the ESR1 signaling pathway, and the HIF1A signaling pathway. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.