MAPT and Alzheimer disease: The most common form of senile dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by changes in the brain, such as the accumulation of β-amyloid fragments and the abnormal intracellular accumulation of tau, as well as progressive neuronal loss and cerebral atrophy [4,5,6], leading to memory impairment and cognitive decline, and gradually affecting an individual’s behavior, speech, visual space direction, and motor system [7].