Indeed, the first evidence that IFNα may mediate CML immunity derived from a study by Molldrem et al. [33] who observed an association between the presence of high-avidity proteinase-3 specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the achievement of a cytogenetic response in HLA-A 0201-positive individuals. The gene discussed is HLA-A; the disease is chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.