A substantial subset of circulating biomarkers—C-terminal endothelin-1 (CT-proET-1), N-terminal prosomatostatin ([NT-proSST), midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), procalcitonin (PCT), and copeptin—were prospectively evaluated for their role in PAD development and mortality in 3618 men and 1542 women in the Malmö Preventive Project [75]. This evidence concerns the gene AVP and peripheral arterial disease.