CRH and hypertensive disorder: It is clear that in healthy normotensive animals (i) administration of norepinephrine or α1-adrenergic receptor agonists could activate PVN neurons [91,96,114], which results in hypertension and tachycardia [92,93], and (ii) CRF administration to the LC excites central LC neurons [109,110] through activation of CRF1 receptors [111,112], which also leads to increased blood pressure and heart rate [24,52,93,115].