The major aim of our systematic review and meta-analysis is to review studies that describe changes through the immunohistochemistry (IHC) of Caspase 3 and cleaved Caspase 3 expression both in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and HNC, investigating whether there is a significant difference in the expression of this protein between the two groups. This evidence concerns the gene CASP3 and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.