Shi et al., 2020, transplanted Padi4 wild-type and Padi4-knocknout breast cancer cells into inguinal mammary fat pad areas of immunodeficient mice, which lacked functional T cells, B cells and NK, and found that tumor derived PADI4 facilitated metastasis, at least partially independent of the adaptative immune cells. This evidence concerns the gene PADI4 and breast carcinoma.