APAF1 and cancer: We showed a change in the expression level of genes directly related to the apoptotic pathway, such as Bax, Bcl-2, TP53, Cas-3, Cas-8, Cas-9, Apaf-1 and MCL-1, which confirms our hypothesis that HAL and PLEC induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in MCF7 and FaDu cancer cells.