TNF and deafness: GSDME was initially considered a “deafness gene” and was later found to be associated with tumor suppression; it participates in pyroptosis downstream of caspase-3 and can convert tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated apoptosis to pyroptosis, enhance the activity of chemotherapeutic drugs and improve the nephrotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs [38,39,40].