Dong et al. [64] also found that the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the skeletal muscle tissue of rats with impaired glucose tolerance was significantly increased; they then showed that Huanglian Wendan Decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine, could effectively reduce these levels and control obesity, the insulin resistance index and the insulin sensitivity index. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.