The findings for some of the stool proteins appear consistent with expectations based on the literature, such as the increase in fecal S100A12 in NEC infants [66] and the elevation of mucosal DEFA5 [40,63], Serpin B1 [67] and peroxiredoxin-1 [57] in NEC infants and/or patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The gene discussed is SERPINB1; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.