TGFB1 and colitis: Noteworthy, in our experimental model, during acute colitis, we report in the hippocampus (i) neuroinflammation, detectable as increased microglia, (ii) upregulation of mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines including Il-1β, Il-6 and Tgf-β and (iii) disturbance of neurogenesis with depletion of stem/progenitor cell compartments (Gfap and Sox2).