CSF1R and pulmonary fibrosis: Nintedanib blocks the polarization of both M1 and M2 human macrophages and markers that contribute to lung fibrosis (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, and CXCL13) by altering colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) receptor (CSF1R) activation and its downstream PI3K/Akt signaling pathway [189].