Interestingly, in a mouse model of ischemic stroke (middle cerebral artery occlusion), miR-140-5p expression was drastically decreased in response to ischemic stroke, in comparison to control mice; while miR-140-5p ectopic overexpression in brain prevented neuronal apoptosis and restrains the development of ischemic injury in this model, via toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/NF-κB) axis regulation [50]. Here, TLR4 is linked to ischemic stroke.