TNF and Hepatic fibrosis: In the present study, we also found that the TNFα but not the TGFβ induced expressions and secretions of WISP1v1 and WISP1v2, respectively, in HPrF cells (Figure 3A), although reports have indicated that WISP1 is a downstream gene of TGFβ in the studies of primary lung fibroblasts and liver fibrosis [36,40,41].