TNF and Alzheimer disease: In 2019, Guo et al. demonstrated that ethyl acetate, extracted from Picrasma quassioides Benn., suppresses neuroinflammation and reduces Aβ accumulation by downregulating TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression in the hippocampus at 23 days after Aβ25–35-induced AD [74].