Moreover, the anti-apoptotic effects of MHDIs are partly due to the modulation of CUL4B/SSTR4-, SOX8/β-catenin-, CHOP/GRP78-, and LC3-II/LC3-I/Bectin-1-mediated signaling in the cortex and hippocampus in the early and late phases of AD in animal models (Table 6 and Figure 6). The gene discussed is HSPA5; the disease is Alzheimer disease.