In the present study, the pancreas levels of IL-1β, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, Cleaved-caspase-1, JNK and p-JNK of HFD/STZ-induced T2DM mice were significantly higher than the control mice, while surfactin supplementation significantly reversed their expressions. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.